“John Murray, Pioneering Lung Expert, Dies at 92 - The New York Times” plus 1 more

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John Murray, Pioneering Lung Expert, Dies at 92 - The New York Times Posted: 02 Apr 2020 11:02 AM PDT This obituary is part of a series about people who have died in the coronavirus pandemic. Read about others here. Dr. John Murray, an internationally recognized expert in pulmonology, helped the medical world understand a deadly condition known as acute respiratory distress syndrome. On March 24, the condition he helped define led to his death. He was 92. The University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, where Dr. Murray was a professor emeritus, said the cause of death, "sadly and ironically," was respiratory failure resulting from acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus. He lived in Paris for much of the year with his wife, the novelist Diane Johnson. Dr. Murray served as chief of pulmonary and critical care from 1966 to 1989 at the institution now known as Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center. After retiring in 1994, he continued to work as an attending physician in the intensive care unit and to teach. The medical school's statement credited him with leaving "indelible marks on the clinical practice of pulmonary medicine, the process of selecting and training fellows in pulmonary disease, and on lung disease research." When Dr. Murray began his career, pulmonology was largely focused on tuberculosis. His research and promotion of specialty training expanded the field to encompass a much wider range of diseases throughout the body and their effects on the lungs, said Dr. Philip Hopewell, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. That made Dr. Murray a "bridging figure between the old breed of chest physicians and the new, modern breed," he said. Much of Dr. Murray's best-known research focused on pulmonary disease and AIDS, which he encountered at San Francisco General in 1981, and on defining acute respiratory distress syndrome. "He played an outsized role in forming this new branch of medicine, which is now carrying the brunt of the outbreak," said Dr. Courtney Broaddus, a colleague and past chief of San Francisco General's pulmonary division, referring to the coronavirus pandemic. Dr. Broaddus edited the current edition of one of Dr. Murray's best-known works within the profession, "Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine." When Dr. Broaddus was about to begin her position as an attending physician in the intensive care unit, she said, she went to Dr. Murray for advice. "He got up from his desk and took me to meet someone," she said in an email. "I expected it would be a respiratory therapist, someone to show me details of the mechanical ventilators. To my surprise, he wanted me to meet the social worker." Social workers tracked down the identities of patients who came in without identification, found their families and helped coordinate care. "This story captures for me how John led the team," she said. "Everyone was valued." Dr. Robert M. Wachter, head of the department of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, said that as a resident he had noticed Dr. Murray's distinguished appearance — he always wore bow ties — in an environment in which "other faculty wore Hawaiian print shirts." Dr. Murray's son, Douglas, explained: "He didn't want his ties to droop onto the patients when he was bending over them." John Frederic Murray was born on June 8, 1927, in Mineola, N.Y., on Long Island, to Frederic S. and Dorothy (Hannah) Murray. His ancestors on his father's side had owned an estate on the East Side of Manhattan in the section now known as Murray Hill. His father, a cartoonist, moved the family to Los Angeles, where he became best known for a Hollywood-focused syndicated comic strip, "Seein' Stars," which he produced under the name Feg Murray. Dorothy Murray was a homemaker. Dr. Murray graduated from Stanford University in 1949 with a bachelor of arts degree and from Stanford's medical school in 1953 He married Sarah Sherman in 1949. They divorced in 1967. He married Ms. Johnson in 1969. Along with Ms. Johnson, his survivors include two children from his first marriage, Douglas and Elizabeth Murray; his stepsons Kevin and Simon Johnson; his stepdaughters Darcy Tell and Amanda Johnson; and 14 grandchildren. Another son from the first marriage, James, died in 2018. After residencies that took him to San Francisco General and Kings County Hospital in Brooklyn, a research fellowship in London and teaching positions at the University of California, Los Angeles, Dr. Murray made his way back to San Francisco in 1966. A hiker and outdoorsman for many years, he played tennis into his 80s and participated with great enthusiasm in a monthly Shakespeare reading group in Paris. Dr. Murray contracted the coronavirus while he was in a weakened state after undergoing radiation treatments for prostate cancer. In the hospital, he had repeatedly asked about his blood oxygen levels before slipping into a coma. Along with his textbooks, he wrote books for a general audience, including "Intensive Care: A Doctor's Journal," originally published in 2000, and "How Aging Works: What Science Can Do About It" (2015). When nurses at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital learned last week that Dr. Murray was seriously ill, many clipped on bow ties in his honor. Marlise Simons contributed reporting.

Coronavirus survivors can be left with lung damage, UK specialists say - Business Insider - Business Insider Posted: 17 Mar 2020 07:47 AM PDT Those who recover from the most severe cases of the coronavirus may be left with serious lung damage, according to the UK's professional body for intensive-care doctors and practitioners. The Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FICM) warned many who contract serious cases of COVID-19 will develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), The Sunday Times reported.  Two preliminary studies, conducted of 41 and 99 people respectively, have found that between 17% and 29% of coronavirus patients who enter intensive care go on to contract ARDS. The numbers are small, and it is difficult to draw broader conclusions as scientists continue to research COVID-19. ARDS prevents a person's lungs from providing their vital organs with enough oxygen, according to the National Health Service.  It may take up to 15 years for those infected with COVID-19, and then stricken with ARDS, to regain lung function, the FICM said. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories. Some people who recover from serious cases of the coronavirus will be left with lung damage that may take as many as 15 years to heal, according to intensive-care experts in the UK. The warning from the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FICM), the UK's professional body for intensive care doctors and practitioners, was published in The Sunday Times.   The FICM highlighted that many admitted to intensive care with COVID-19 have developed a condition called acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). One study published in the US National Center for Biotechnology Information found that 17% of 99 coronavirus patients in Wuhan, China, examined between January 1 and January 20, had developed ARDS during their illness. Another study published in The Lancet on February 15 found that 29% of 41 patients observed between mid-December to early January in Wuhan had developed ARDS. Londoners pass by an Evening Standard headline warning people of the coronavirus at Charing Cross, London, on March 4, 2020. Richard Baker / In Pictures via Getty Images ARDS prevents a person's lungs from providing their vital organs with enough oxygen, according to the National Health Service (NHS). When COVID-19 reaches the lungs, their mucous membranes — which line the various body cavities and air tracts — become inflamed. According to the NHS, this inflammation can then cause ARDS, whereby "fluid from nearby blood vessels to leak into the tiny air sacs in your lungs, making breathing increasingly difficult." Though the lungs of coronavirus survivors could return to "apparently normal" after six months with minimal issues — like a weakened ability to exercise — those who go on to develop ARDS could "take as long as 15 years for their lungs to recover," the FICM said, according to The Sunday Times. ARDS is responsible for 10% of all intensive care unit admissions in the UK, The Sunday Times said. Signs in both English and Chinese about a coronavirus pod outside University College Hospital in London. Getty ARDS also has a mortality rate of 30% to 40%, the newspaper added, citing Michael Matthay, an expert on the disease. This fatality rate was also mentioned in a 2015 paper on the disease published in the US National Center for Biotechnology Information. "There is no specific treatment except to sedate patients and put them on mechanical ventilators to let them recover," Matthay said, referring to ARDS sufferers. "Survivors have significant exercise limitation and poor physical quality of life ... related to marked muscle wasting and weakness." ARDS is also commonly found in people recovering from severe flu and pneumonia cases in the UK, but in those cases "it's unusual for ARDS to cause long-term lung damage," according to the British Lung Foundation. A study published March 13 in The Journal of the American Medical Association found that older people with COVID-19 are the most likely group to contract ARDS, "likely owing to less rigorous immune response." People wearing protective face masks walk in London on March 11, 2020. REUTERS/Henry Nicholls The FICM also warned that other organs could also be damaged by COVID-19 after recovery. "Like many other viral conditions, the effects of coronavirus are not just limited to the lungs. The heart can also be affected, ranging from inflammation (myocarditis) to heart failure," the FICM said, according to The Sunday Times. Earlier this month the Hong Kong Hospital Authority also found that two to three people out of a group of 12 recovered coronavirus patients were left with a drop in 20% to 30% in lung function. The authority added, however, that they could do cardiovascular exercises to slowly improve their lung capacity over time. As of Tuesday, more than 185,000 people have been infected with COVID-19, and more than 7,300 have died.

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